Head-to-head · Passwords
1Password vs Passbolt
Which one to pick in 2026 — comparing 🇺🇸 1Password with the European alternative 🇪🇺 Passbolt on the things that actually decide who can read your data.
🇺🇸 1Passwordvs🇪🇺 Passbolt
Verdict
Who has stronger privacy guarantees by law?
Passbolt — GDPR-native and outside the US CLOUD Act / FISA 702 reach.
Which one encrypts your data end-to-end by default?
Both offer end-to-end encryption — tie on this point.
Which one tracks you for ads?
Neither monetises through ad tracking.
Which one is open source?
Passbolt is open source. 1Password is proprietary.
Side-by-side
1Password vs Passbolt — full comparison
Criteria
🇪🇺 Passbolt
🇺🇸 1Password
Headquarters
Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
Toronto, Canada
Jurisdiction
EU (GDPR)
Canada / USA infra
Data location
EU / self-hosted
US (AWS)
GDPR-native
Yes
No
CLOUD Act / FISA exposed
No
Yes
Ad tracking
No
No
End-to-end encryption
Yes
Yes
Open source
Yes
No
Ownership
Passbolt SA
AgileBits Inc.
Founded
2017
2006
Make the switch
Try Passbolt instead of 1Password
Open-source team password manager
Other European alternatives to 1Password